8/31/2023 0 Comments Outstanding move no textSome writers take a less subjective or more formalized approach to these symbols. Different writers have used these in different ways for example, Ludek Pachman used "(?)" to indicate a move that he considered inferior but that he did not wish to comment on further Simon Webb used it to indicate a move that is objectively sound, but was in his opinion a poor psychological choice and Robert Hübner (see below) used it to indicate a move that is inaccurate and makes the player's task more difficult. Sometimes annotation symbols are put in parentheses, e.g. "!!?", "?!?", "?!") for particularly unusual, spectacular or controversial moves, but these have no generally accepted meaning and are typically used for humorous or entertainment purposes. The majority of chess writers and editors consider these symbols unnecessary.Ī few writers have used unusual combinations of question marks and exclamation points (e.g. Likewise, an exceptionally bad blunder may be awarded three or more question marks ("?"). For example, when annotating Rotlewi–Rubinstein 1907, Hans Kmoch awarded Rubinstein's 22.Rxc3 three exclamation points. For example, in what is known as the Game of the Century, annotators typically award a double exclamation point to 13-year-old Bobby Fischer's move 17.Be6, sacrificing the queen.Ī few writers have used three or more exclamation points ("!!!") for exceptionally brilliant moves. Examples include sound sacrifices of large amounts of material and counter-intuitive moves that prove very powerful. The double exclamation point ("!!") is used for very strong moves, usually difficult-to-find moves which require a high level of skill and calculation. Reasons for awarding the symbol vary widely between annotators among them are strong opening novelties, well-timed breakthroughs, sound sacrifices, moves that set traps in lost positions, moves that avoid such traps, and good psychological choices in the opening. Annotators are usually somewhat conservative with the use of this symbol. The symbol may also be interpreted as "best move". ! (Good move) Īn exclamation point ("!") indicates a good move -especially one that is surprising or requires particular skill. Typical moves receiving a "!?" are those involving speculative sacrifices or dangerous attacks that might turn out to be strategically deficient.Īndrew Soltis jokingly called "!?" the symbol of the lazy annotator who finds a move interesting but cannot be bothered to work out whether it is good or bad. It is also often used when a player sets a cunning trap in a lost position. Usually it indicates that the move leads to exciting or wild play but that the objective evaluation of the move is unclear. Among the definitions are "interesting, but perhaps not the best move", "move deserving attention", "enterprising move" and "risky move". Different books have slightly varying definitions. The "!?" is one of the more controversial symbols. Alternatively, this may denote a move that is objectively bad but sets up an attractive trap. A sacrifice leading to a dangerous attack that the opponent should be able to defend against if they play well may receive a "?!". The "?!" may also indicate that the annotator believes the move is weak/deserving of criticism but not bad enough to warrant a "?". This symbol is similar to the "!?" (below) but usually indicates that the annotator believes the move to be dubious or questionable but to possibly have merits. A move that overlooks a forthcoming brilliant combination from the opponent would rarely receive more than one question mark, for example. The nature of a mistake may be more strategic than tactical in some cases, the move receiving a question mark may be one for which it is difficult to find a refutation. Mistakes often lead to loss of tempo, material, or otherwise a worsening of the player's position. Though more common among less experienced players, blunders occur at all levels of play.Ī single question mark "?" indicates that the annotator thinks that the move is a poor one and that it should not have been played. Occasionally, the sign is used for a move that transforms a won position into a draw. A "?"-worthy move usually results in an immediately lost position. Typical moves that receive double question marks are those that overlook a tactic that wins substantial material or overlook a checkmate. The double question mark "?" indicates a blunder, a very bad move that severely worsens the player's position.
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